X.-H. Liu, M.W. Lane, et al.
Int. J. Solids Struct.
The relationship between interfacial adhesion and electromigration in Cu metallization was discussed. The electromigration drift velocity and lifetime in a conventional electromigration was also derived. The results indicated a linear relationship between the electromigration activation energy and the intrinsic work of adhesion.
X.-H. Liu, M.W. Lane, et al.
Int. J. Solids Struct.
J.R. Lloyd, E. Liniger, et al.
Microelectronics Reliability
J.R. Lloyd, E. Liniger, et al.
Journal of Applied Physics
T. Nogami, S. Lane, et al.
VMIC 2005