Two-domain 80°-twisted nematic liquid crystal display for grayscale applications

Iso-contrast curves as a function of viewing angle between eight gray levels in sequence have been investigated for two- domain twisted nematic liquid crystal displays. The optimal twist angle has been found to be approximately 80°. The two-domain 80°-twisted nematic LCD shows a large viewing zone of ±45° in the vertical and ±60° in the horizontal directions without grayscale reversals. We have demonstrated a simple fabrication method which requires only one photo-lithographic exposure and a total of three independent rubbing directions on two polyimide-coated substrates. © 1992 IOP Publishing Ltd.