William Hinsberg, Joy Cheng, et al.
SPIE Advanced Lithography 2010
Paper
The evidence for bipolarons in pyrrole polymers
Abstract
We present experimental data and theoretocal studies which support the hypothesis that bipolarons are the charge carriers responsible for the conductivity of polypyrrole. A consistent model emerges from consideration of earlier transport, ESR, photoelectron spectroscopy and optical absorption results. © 1984.