J.F. Ziegler, R.F. Lever
Applied Physics Letters
A portable Faraday cup design is described for the accurate measurement of large-diameter, low-current, and high-energy proton beams traveling in air. The unit has been tested with protons from 4 to 300 MeV. The unit has an accuracy of 10% for beams of 1 pA, improving to about 2% accuracy for ion currents of 20 pA to 1 μA.
J.F. Ziegler, R.F. Lever
Applied Physics Letters
Corneliu Constantinescu
SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications 2009
S.F. Fan, W.B. Yun, et al.
Proceedings of SPIE 1989
Bowen Zhou, Bing Xiang, et al.
SSST 2008