In search of effective text input interfaces for off the desktop computing

It is generally recognized that today's frontier of HCI research lies beyond the traditional desktop computers whose GUI interfaces were built on the foundation of display - pointing device - full keyboard. Many interface challenges arise without such a physical UI foundation. Text writing - ranging from entering URLs and search queries, filling forms, typing commands, to taking notes and writing emails and chat messages - is one of the hard problems awaiting for solutions in off-desktop computing. This paper summarizes and synthesizes a research program on this topic at the IBM Almaden Research Center. It analyzes various dimensions that constitute a good text input interface; briefly reviews related literature; discusses the evaluation methodology issues of text input; presents the major ideas and results of two systems, ATOMIK and SHARK; and points out current and future directions in the area from our current vantage point. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.