Improved crosstalk modeling for noise constrained interconnect optimization

This paper presents a much improved, highly accurate yet efficient crosstalk noise model, the 2-π model, and applies it to noise-constrained interconnect optimizations. Compared with previous crosstalk noise models of similar complexity, our 2-π model takes into consideration many key parameters, such as coupling locations (near-driver or near-receiver), and the coarse distributed RC characteristics for victim net. Thus, it is very accurate (less than 6% error on average compared with HSPICE simulations). Moreover, our model provides simple closed-form expressions for both peak noise amplitude and noise width, so it is very useful for noise-aware layout optimizations. In particular we demonstrate its effectiveness in two applications: (i) optimization rule generation for noise reduction using various interconnect optimization techniques, (ii) simultaneous wire spacing to multiple nets for noise constrained interconnect minimization.