S. Winograd
Journal of the ACM
This paper presents a new method for resolving lexical (word sense) ambiguities inherent in natural language sentences. The Sentence Analyzer (SENA) was developed to resolve such ambiguities by using constraints and example-based preferences. The ambiguities are packed into a single dependency structure, and grammatical and lexical constraints are applied to it in order to reduce the degree of ambiguity. The application of constraints is realized by a very effective constraint-satisfaction technique. Remaining ambiguities are resolved by the use of preferences calculated from an example-base, which is a set of fully parsed word-to-word dependencies acquired semi-automatically from on-line dictionaries.
S. Winograd
Journal of the ACM
Matteo Baldoni, Nirmit Desai, et al.
AAMAS 2009
Vladimir Yanovski, Israel A. Wagner, et al.
Ann. Math. Artif. Intell.
Christopher Lohse, Adrian Selk, et al.
NeurIPS 2025