Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
Single-, double- and triple-layer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) with indium-tin oxide (ITO) anodes and Ca cathodes were fabricated, based on solution processable and thermally cross-linkable hole transporting polyarylamine and blue luminescent polyfluorene; and an electron transporting oxadiazole trimer. Triple-layer PLEDs show the highest efficiency, brightness and saturation of blue emission. These results are interpreted in terms of charge injection balance and electron-hole recombination efficiency. The maximum external quantum efficiencies achieved (>1%) are comparable to the best polymer blue PLEDs.
Frank Stem
C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences
C.M. Brown, L. Cristofolini, et al.
Chemistry of Materials
A. Nagarajan, S. Mukherjee, et al.
Journal of Applied Mechanics, Transactions ASME
I.K. Pour, D.J. Krajnovich, et al.
SPIE Optical Materials for High Average Power Lasers 1992