Bubble-lattice propagation by conforming periodic Permalloy patterns

Periodic Permalloy chevron patterns are designed to allow a close-packed hexagonal bubble lattice to be aligned with and propagated by them under a rotating field. A group of bubbles is associated with each chevron, one being directly driven by a Permalloy pole while the others are indirectly driven by bubble-bubble repulsion. For different values of rotating field and bias field, propagation and failure modes are delineated.